Each symbol represents a person, the conglomerate is meant to be a group of people around a table in a meeting (from a bird's eye view). These individuals have an arm on the table each to show that they are receptive and engaged with what is going on.
In addition to the theme of meetings, the client mentioned in the design brief that Gamma helps teams to document meetings. I shaped the individual elements to resemble quotation marks to represent this aspect of the brand.